Anemia Disease – Overview, Symptoms, Causes and Remedy

Anemia Disease Overview

One of the most frequently heard physical disorders or problems today is Anemia. It is not an illness. It is actually a symptom in addition to an underlying illness or physical condition that has already existed. This problem is diagnosed in the patient’s body depending on the etymology of anemia, early sharpness and the presence of other diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases. Many people suffering from this problem get the problem only when the Hemoglobin level drops below 7.0 g/dl.

Erythropoietin (EPO) produced in kidneys is an important stimulant in the formation of red blood cells (RBC). Similarly, the main stimulus for EPO production is Tissue Hypoxia. This EPO level is proportional to the density of hemoglobin. In general, people suffering from anemia have a lower level of hemoglobin EPO in their body. However, people with kidney problems or failure have lower levels of EPO than required. The level of EPO in chronic disease (AOCD) is generally in increased form (but less than necessary) which shows relative lack of EPO.

The Level of Hemoglobin Required in the Body is Mentioned Below

• 13.5 to 18.0 g/dl (in male body)
• 12.0 to 15.0 g/dl (in female body)
• 11.0 to 16.0 g/dl (in the body of young)
• Should usually be above 10.0 g/dl in pregnancy. But this amount can be different in the first three months of pregnancy.  

Anemia affects a third of the world's total population. This physical problem increases mortality, reduces the productivity and molecular growth of the function.

The following article discusses the types, symptoms, causes and remedies of anemia disease in the human body.

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Types of Anemia Disease

There are many forms of anemia. These types are mainly divided into three parts –

1. Anemia due to lack of blood
2. Anemia caused by low or critical production of red blood cells
3. Anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells

1. Anemia due to lack of blood:-

Anemia can be caused by bleeding over a long period of time. The following are some of the reasons for this process:

• Gastrointestinal conditions such as Ulcer, Hemorrhoids, abdominal inflammation (Gastritis) and Cancer. 
• Non-Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, which can cause ulcers and gastritis problems. 
• Excessive bleeding during this period can cause anemia. This bleeding is probably associated with fibroids.
• Surgery etc.

2. Anemia caused by low or critical production of red blood cells:-

In this form of anemia disease, the human body does not produce enough red blood cells or the red cells produced do not function as needed. This can be due to lack of minerals and vitamins in the blood or any disorder of red blood cells. Such types of anemia can lead to bone marrow and stem cell problems, Iron deficiency anemia, Sickle Cell Anemia, Vitamin-especially vitamin B12 or folate.

3. Anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells:-

Blood deficiency caused by such conditions is called Hemolytic Anemia. When low or weak red blood cells burst and they cannot bear the pressure of flow when passing through the body. This condition may occur at the time of birth of the child or may later also occur. The causes of hemolytic anemia are indefinite, yet the reasons mentioned below can be attributed to this –

• The body’s immune system with Lupus attacks the body itself. It can also occur in the body of the baby in the womb which is called hemolytic disease of the newborn.
• The physical condition is transmitted by genes in hereditary form, such as sickle cell anemia, Thalassemia and Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP).
• Overgrown spleen, which sometimes binds and destroys red blood cells.
• Sometimes infections, medications, certain foods and snake bites can cause pressure on the body and can also destroy red blood cells. 
• Severe liver or kidney disease also destroys red blood cells.
• Vascular grafts, prosthetic heart valves, tumors, severe burns, severe high blood pressure and clotting disorders surrounding some chemicals also destroy red blood cells. 

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Anemia Symptoms

Symptoms may be different depending on the cause and severity of anemia. Sometimes there are no signs of any anemia. However, the general symptoms of the disease include:-

• Fatigue
• Weakness, 
• Pale light skin
• Irregular heartbeat
• Shallow short breath
• Chest pain
• Cold hands and feet
• Dizziness, headache
• Brittle weak nails etc.

In the first instance the victim may not see any particular symptoms but the symptoms are also severe and effective when the condition becomes serious.

Causes of Anemia Disease

About 0.8 to 1 percent of the red particles in our body usually change daily. The average lifespan of these particles is between 100 and 120 days. During this time fresh red blood cells are produced again. If any negatively effective factor interferes with this continuously balanced process, the problem of anemia may arise.

The causes of anemia disease in the human body can be divided mainly into two parts based on factors that reduce the production of red blood cells and destroy the cells produced –

১) Factors reducing RBC production-

• Inadequate stimulation of red blood cell production by the hormone Erythropoietin produced by kidneys.
• Inadequate intake of iron, vitamin B12 or folate.
• Hypothyroidism.

২) Factors increasing RBC destruction-

Anemia occurs if the previous particles are destroyed at a relatively faster rate than the rate at which red blood cells are formed due to a disorder. This problem is usually caused by hemorrhaging, the following causes of which can –

• Endometriosis
• Accident 
• gastrointestinal wounds 
• During period
• At the time of birth 
• Excessive blood discharge in urine
• surgery 
• Psoriasis; it also hurts the liver
• Fibrosis inside the bone marrow 
• Hemolysis- Red blood cells cracked due to incompatibility with certain drugs or RH
• Liver and Spleen disorders   
• Some hereditary disorders; such as Thalassemia, sickle cell anemia, etc.

Age is one of the reasons for anemia in addition to the above. Anemia can occur in the body at an advanced age, especially above 65.

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Complications of Anemia

Although there are no specific symptoms of anemia disease in the human body, it can cause the following complications in the patient’s body if left untreated –

• Patients suffering from severe anemia feel extremely tired (fatigue). They also face difficulties in doing easy tasks on a daily basis. 
• Anemia caused by lack of folate leads to complications in pregnancy. E.g. premature birth.
• Anemia can cause irregular heart rate conditions. The heart of such patients pumps more blood to make up for the lack of oxygen in the blood. This can lead to heart failure.
• Some of the hereditary anemia types such as sickle cell anemia complications can be fatal. A severe blood loss causes severe anemia to the patient, especially for elderly people.

Remedy of Anemia Disease

Many types of anemia disease cannot be prevented. However, some of the remedies mentioned below can control this problem to some extent –

• Consume a diet rich in iron. E.g. meat, beans, lentils, dark green vegetables and fruits.
• Eat a diet rich in folate. Such foods include fruit juices, green vegetables, beans, nuts, whole grain products such as bread, rice, etc. It is also supplemented. 
• Vitamin B12 rich foods such as fish and meat, dairy food, safe food grains and soya products. 
• Eat a diet rich in vitamin C. E.g. sour fruit or fruit juice, chili, tomato, watermelon, strawberry etc. You may also take vitamin C supplements. These vitamins will also help in absorbing iron from food in the body. 

If your body fails to extract vitamins and minerals from food you may approach the doctor for this problem.

Conclusion

You are informed about the anemia disease or health problem in the human body in general through the following article. The article mentions the structure of red blood cells, the levels to be adequate, the types of diseases or physical problems caused by it and their remedies. Hope the information included in the article benefits you in many ways. Thank you!

FAQ:

1. Will I suffer from anemia if I follow a Vegan diet?

Ans:- Avoiding meat, dairy and eggs can increase your risk of iron deficiency anemia. Heme iron, the most easily absorbed iron type by the body, is mainly found in meat products, while non-heme iron is found in plants.

Although you may not be able to get iron and vitamin B12 from natural sources such as meat, eggs and dairy products, you can still eat a balanced diet to avoid deficiencies. You can enhance your body’s ability to absorb iron by combining your iron sources with vitamin C rich foods.

2. Is iron deficiency the only factor that can cause anemia?

Ans:- No, when the body does not absorb enough vitamin B12 from the digestive tract, it is unable to produce enough red blood cells. This type of anemia is called harmful anemia and when the body lacks the protein needed to absorb vitamin B12 from the digestive tract.

3. Why is kidney disease a patient anemia?

Ans:- Because erythropoietin is produced in the kidneys, patients with CDC may not produce enough.

4. How does my body produce red blood cells?

Ans:- Red blood cells begin as stem cells that go through the growth process and produce hormones in the body that help in carrying out this development process. One of these hormones is erythropoietin.

5. Can I be at risk of anemia even when I’m not having heavy blood flow during menstruation?

Ans:- While the menstrual flow increases your risk of iron deficiency also increases. There are many other factors that can cause you to lose iron, such as an imbalanced diet and a very heavy exercise routine.

Sources: NCBI